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American Association for the Advancement of Science, Project 2061. (1993). Benchmarks for science literacy. New York: Oxford University Press.

Cross, C. (1993, April 21). Education standards: A question of time? Education Week, 30.

Eisenhower Mathematics and Science Regional Consortia. (1995). Promising practices in mathematics and science education--1995. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement.

Kendall, J.S., and Marzano, R.J. (1997). A compendium of standards and bencharks for K-12 education. Aurora, CO: Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning. [On-Line]. Available: http://www.mcrel.org/standards-benchmarks/

Levine, D.V. & Associates. (1985). Improving student achievement through mastery learning programs. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Louis, K.S. (1995). Teacher engagement and real reform in urban schools. In Closing the achievement gap: A vision to guide change in beliefs and practice (pp. 81-102). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement.

Louis, K.S., & Smith, B.A. (1991). Restructuring, teacher engagement and school culture: Perspectives on school reform and the improvement of teachers' work. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 2, 34-52.

Mid-continent Research for Edication and Learning. (n.d.). Science standards. Aurora, CO: Author. [On-line]. Available Internet: http://www.mcrel.org/standards-benchmarks/standardslib/science.html

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National Committee on Science Education Standards and Assessment. National Research Council. (1994, November). National science education standards. (Draft). Washington, DC: National Research Council.

National Science Teachers Association. (1992). Scope, sequence, and coordination of secondary school science (Vol. I). The content core: A guide for curriculum designers. Washington, DC: Author.

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National Science Teachers Association. (1995b). Scope, sequence, and coordination of secondary school science (Vol. III). A high school framework for national science education standards. Arlington, VA: Author.

North Central Regional Educational Laboratory. (n.d.) The meaning of professional development in the 21st century. Oak Brook, IL: Author. [On-Line]. Available Internet: http://www.ncrel.org/sdrs/areas/rpl_esys/profdev.htm

North Central Regional Educational Laboratory. (n.d.) The thinking curriculum. Oak Brook, IL: Author. [On-line]. Available Internet: http://www.ncre.org/sdrs/areas/rpl_esys/thinking.htm

North Central Regional Educational Laboratory. (1994). Professional development: changing times. NCREL Policy Briefs, Report 4 [On-line]. Available Internet: http:/www.ncrel.org/sdrs/areas/issues/envrnmnt/go/94-4over.htm

Palincsar, A.S. & Brown, A. L. (1984). Reciprocal teaching of comprehension-fostering and comprehension-monitoring activities. Cognition and Instruction, 1 (2), 117-175.

Resnick, L. B. & Klopfer, L.W. (Eds.). (1989). Toward the thinking curriculum: Current cognitive research. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

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Spady, W.G. (1988). Organizing for results: The basis of authentic restructuring and reform. Education Leadership, 46 (2), 4-8.

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Von Glasersfeld, Ernst. (1990). An exposition of constructivism: Why some like it radical. In R.B. Davis, C.A. Maher, & N. Noddings (Eds.), A constructivist view on the teaching and learning of mathematics (Monograph no. 4). Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.

Wiggins, G. (1993, November). Assessment: Authenticity, context, and validity. Phi Delta Kappan, 200-214.

Yoon, B., Burstein, L., & Gold, K. (n.d.). Assessing the content validity of teachers' reports of content coverage and its relationship to student achievement. (CSE Report No. 328). Los Angeles: University of California, Center for Research on Evaluations, Standards, and Student Testing.

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