Dryfoos (1994) identifies a number of school-linked collaborative models: school-based health clinics, school-linked services to which schools refer students who need assistance, school-based youth centers, family resource centers, community schools, school-based coordinating centers, and "full-service schools."
One school-based health and social service model has been implemented throughout Kentucky. These "youth service centers" are located in schools serving a large proportion of lower-income families. Family Resource and Youth Service Centers provide health services and referrals, some mental health counseling, clothing, vision services, parenting classes, recreational activities, and mentoring. Though some of the Centers' services focus primarily on elementary-age students and their families, others serve adolescents and their families. A minority of the Centers serve children of all ages.
The Jackson-Hinds Comprehensive Health Centers School-Based Clinics in Jackson, Mississippi, provide school-based health services in four high schools, three middle schools, and one elementary school. The program offers a number of services through part-time positions, nurse practitioners, licensed practical nurses, and an education counselor. They do medical histories, routine lab tests, and psycho-social assessments of students. They also can offer emergency care and crisis intervention when the clinics are open. In addition to direct medical care, the clinic offers health instruction in key medical issues for students. Clinics are open to students after school hours, on weekends, and during holidays as well on school days.
Teenage mothers receive prenatal training and care. These young mothers also are counseled about effective child development and parenting skills (Dryfoos, 1994).
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