The effort to reform education by using ideas from the consumer marketplace has been gaining momentum in recent years. Since Minnesota passed the first interdistrict choice law in 1988, 12 additional states have enacted similar legislation (Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Idaho, Iowa, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, Tennessee, Utah, and Washington). In general, the open enrollment laws allow parents to send their children to schools in any district in the state. Local boards of education cannot block students from leaving or entering a district unless the movement will upset desegregation guidelines or space for additional students is unavailable. State aid normally follows the students to the new school districts, and parents generally are responsible for transporting their children to the boundaries of the new school districts. However, in a some states, low-income families receive some transportation support.