
Urahn and Stewart (1994) describe the City Academy charter school:
City Academy, the first charter to open in the fall of 1992, is located in a small, older recreation center in a middle-class, east St. Paul neighborhood. It currently serves 44 students, ages 16-21. Seventeen students graduated in the spring of 1993. City Academy staff recruited its original core of students from the streets and received others through referrals form the St. Paul school district. The school emphasizes individualized learning. Two themes stressed in the school are 'respect' and 'life lessons.' The school is geared to the students' life and educational needs. Each student agrees to a contract which specifies what will be learned and by when. Such a contract may include obtaining a driver's license or providing day care to community children in addition to more traditional educational objectives. Students work in the community and run a recreation program at the center." (p. 57)