The supplementary/remedial education models most frequently proven effective involve one-on-one tutoring. Preventive tutoring models tend to use certified teachers or paraprofessionals (teacher aides) while remedial tutoring programs more often rely on older students or adult volunteers (Herman & Stringfield, 1995).
A review of five reading programs using tutoring (Wasik & Slavin,1993) found that the most effective programs address reading comprehensively, rather than building specific reading skills, and use certified teachers rather than paraprofessionals; examples of such programs include Success for All and Reading Recovery.
